System Administration Commands                          fuser(1M)

NAME
     fuser - identify processes using a file or file structure

SYNOPSIS
     /usr/sbin/fuser [-c | -f]  [-nu] [-k | -s sig]  files [ [- ]
     [-c | -f]  [-nu] [-k | -s sig]  files] ...

DESCRIPTION
     The fuser utility displays the process IDs of the  processes
     that are using the files specified as arguments.

     Each process  ID is followed by a letter code. These  letter
     codes  are  interpreted  as follows. If the process is using
     the file as

     c     Indicates that the process is using the  file  as  its
           current directory.

     m     Indicates that the process is using a file mapped with
           mmap(2). See  mmap(2) for details.

     n     Indicates that the process is holding  a  non-blocking
           mandatory lock on the file.

     o     Indicates that the process is using  the  file  as  an
           open file.

     r     Indicates that the process is using the  file  as  its
           root directory.

     t     Indicates that the process is using the  file  as  its
           text file.

     y     Indicates that the process is using the  file  as  its
           controlling terminal.

     For block special devices with  mounted  file  systems,  all
     processes  using any file on that device are listed. For all
     types of files (text files, executables,  directories,  dev-
     ices, and so forth), only the processes  using that file are
     reported.

     If more than one group of files are specified,  the  options
     may  be  respecified  for  each additional group of files. A
     lone dash cancels the options currently in force.

     The process IDs are printed as a single line on the standard
     output, separated by spaces and terminated with a single new
     line. All other output is written on standard error.

     Any user can run fuser, but only the superuser can terminate
     another user's process.

SunOS 5.9            Last change: 4 Apr 2001                    1

System Administration Commands                          fuser(1M)

OPTIONS
     The following options are supported:

     -c    Reports on files that are mount points for  file  sys-
           tems, and any files within that mounted file system.

     -f    Prints a report for the  named  file,  not  for  files
           within a mounted file system.

     -k    Sends the  SIGKILL signal to each process. Since  this
           option  spawns  kills  for each process, the kill mes-
           sages may not show up immediately (see kill(2)).

     -n    Lists only processes with non-blocking mandatory locks
           on a file.

     -s sig
           Sends a signal to each process. The sig  option  argu-
           ment  specifies  one  of the symbolic names defined in
           the <signal.h> header, or  a  decimal  integer  signal
           number. If sig is a symbolic name, it is recognized in
           a case-independent fashion, without  the  SIG  prefix.
           The -k option is equivalent to -s KILL or -s 9.

     -u    Displays the user login name in parentheses  following
           the process ID.

EXAMPLES
     Example 1: Reporting on the mount point and files

     The following example reports on the mount point  and  files
     within the mounted file system.

     example% fuser -c /export/foo

     Example 2: Restricting output when reporting  on  the  mount
     point and files

     The following example reports on the mount point  and  files
     within the mounted file system, but the output is restricted
     to processes that hold non-blocking mandatory locks.

     example% fuser -cn /export/foo

     Example 3: Sending  SIGTERM  to  processes  holding  a  non-
     blocking mandatory lock

     The following command sends SIGTERM to  any  processes  that
     hold    a    non-blocking    mandatory    lock    on    file
     /export/foo/my_file.

SunOS 5.9            Last change: 4 Apr 2001                    2

System Administration Commands                          fuser(1M)

     example% fuser -fn -s term /export/foo/my_file

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
     See  environ(5) for descriptions of the  following  environ-
     ment  variables  that  affect the execution of  fuser: LANG,
     LC_ALL LC_CTYPE, LC_MESSAGES, and NLSPATH.

ATTRIBUTES
     See attributes(5) for descriptions of the  following  attri-
     butes:

     ____________________________________________________________
    |       ATTRIBUTE TYPE        |       ATTRIBUTE VALUE       |
    |_____________________________|_____________________________|
    | Availability                | SUNWcsu                     |
    |_____________________________|_____________________________|
    | Interface Stability         | Standard                    |
    |_____________________________|_____________________________|

SEE ALSO
     ps(1),  mount(1M),  kill(2),  mmap(2),  signal(3C),   attributes(5)
     , environ(5), standards(5)

NOTES
     Because fuser works with a snapshot of the system image,  it
     may  miss  processes  that begin using a file while fuser is
     running. Also, processes reported as using a file  may  have
     stopped  using  it  while  fuser  was running. These factors
     should discourage the use of the -k option.

SunOS 5.9            Last change: 4 Apr 2001                    3

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